TUGAS SOFTSKILL MATERI BULAN-4 PERTEMUAN KE-4

Relative Clauses

Exercise 37

Page  36

1.       The last record produced by this company became  a gold record.

2.       Checking accounts that require a minimum balance are very common now.

3.       The professor whose you spoke yesterday is not here today.

4.       John whose grades athe highest in the school, has received a scholarship.

5.       Felipe bought a camera that has three lenses.

6.       Frank are who were nominated for the office of treasurer.

7.       The doctor is with a patient whose led was broken in an accident

8.       Jane is the woman who is going to China next year.

9.       Janet wants a typewriter whose self-corrects.

10.   This book that I found last week, contains some useful information.

11.   Mr . Bryant whose team has lost the game, looks very sad.

12.   James wrote an article whose indicated that he disliked the president.

13.   The director of the program whose graduatedfrom Harvard University, planning to retire next year.

14.   This is the book that I have been looking for all year.

15.   William whose his brother is a lawyer, wants to become a judge.

Relative clauses reduction

Exercise 38

Page 139

1.       George is the man choosen the represent the committee at the convention.

2.       All of the money accepted has already been released.

3.       The papers on the table belong to patricia.

4.       The man brought to the police station confessed to the crime.

5.       The girl drinking coffee, is mary allen.

6.       John’s wife, a proffesor, has written several papers on this subject.

7.       The man talking to the policema, is my uncle.

8.       The book on the top shelf, is the one that I need.

9.       The numbers of students have been counted is quite high

10.   Leo evans, a doctor, eats in this restaurant every day.

Artikel 

Relative Clauses 

 A Relative Clause, also called an adjective clause, is a dependent clause that modifies a noun by making it more specific or adding additional information about it. A relative clause always contains a relative pronoun, which refers back to the noun it modifies. 
 Relative clauses are extremely useful because they enable writers to be more specific and they make writing more sophisticated. At the same time, they are also very confusing to many writers--and not only students, either. The most common difficulties occur in understanding the different types of relative clauses, punctuating relatives, choosing the right pronoun, and agreement.

Relative clauses are clauses starting with the relative pronouns who*, that, which, whose, where, when. They are most often used to define or identify the noun that precedes them. Here are some examples:

• Do you know the girl who started in grade 7 last week?
• Can I have the pencil that I gave you this morning?
• A notebook is a computer which can be carried around.
• I won't eat in a restaurant whose cooks smoke.
• I want to live in a place where there is lots to do.
• Yesterday was a day when everything went wrong!

* There is a relative pronoun whom, which can be used as the object of the relative clause. For example: My science teacher is a person whom I like very much. To many people the word whomnow sounds old-fashioned, and it is rarely used in spoken English.

Relative pronouns are associated as follows with their preceding noun:

Preceding noun	Relative pronoun	Examples
a person	who(m)/that, whose	- Do you know the girl who .. - He was a man that .. - An orphan is a child whose parents ..
a thing	which†/that, whose	- Do you have a computer which .. - The oak a tree that .. - This is a book whose author ..

Note 1: The relative pronoun whose is used in place of the possessive pronoun. It must be followed by a noun. Example: There's a boy in grade 8 whose father is a professional tennis player. (There's a boy in grade 8. His father is a professional tennis player.)

Note 2: The relative pronouns where and when are used with place and time nouns. Examples:FIS is a school where children from more than 50 countries are educated. 2001 was the year when terrorists attacked the Twin Towers in New York.

Some relative clauses are not used to define or identify the preceding noun but to give extra information about it. Here are some examples:

• My ESL teacher, who came to Germany in 1986, likes to ride his mountain bike.
• The heavy rain, which was unusual for the time of year, destroyed most of the plants in my garden.
• Einstein, who was born in Germany, is famous for his theory of relativity.
• The boy, whose parents both work as teachers at the school, started a fire in the classroom.
• My mother's company, which makes mobile phones, is moving soon from Frankfurt to London.
• In the summer I'm going to visit Italy, where my brother lives.

Note 1: Relative clauses which give extra information, as in the example sentences above, mustbe separated off by commas.

Note 2: The relative pronoun that cannot be used to introduce an extra-information (non-defining) clause about a person. Wrong: Neil Armstrong, that was born in 1930, was the first man to stand on the moon. Correct: Neil Armstrong, who was born in 1930, was the first man to stand on the moon.

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There are two common occasions, particularly in spoken English, when the relative pronoun is omitted:

1. When the pronoun is the object of the relative clause. In the following sentences the pronoun that can be left out is enclosed in (brackets):

• Do you know the girl (who/m) he's talking to?
• Where's the pencil (which) I gave you yesterday?
• I haven't read any of the books (that) I got for Christmas.
• I didn't like that girl (that) you brought to the party.
• Did you find the money (which) you lost?

Note: You cannot omit the relative pronoun a.) if it starts a non-defining relative clause, or, b.) if it is the subject of a defining relative clause. For example, who is necessary in the following sentence: What's the name of the girl who won the tennis tournament?

2. When the relative clause contains a present or past participle and the auxiliary verb to be. In such cases both relative pronoun and auxiliary can be left out:

• Who's that man (who is) standing by the gate?
• The family (that is) living in the next house comes from Slovenia.
• She was wearing a dress (which was) covered in blue flowers.
• Most of the parents (who were) invited to the conference did not come.
• Anyone (that is) caught writing on the walls will be expelled from school.